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A garden to dye for : how to use plants from the garden to create natural colors for fabrics and fibers
A Garden to Dye For shows how super-simple it is to plant and grow a dyer's garden and create beautiful botanical dyes. Features include 40-plus plants that the gardener-crafter can grow for an all-natural, customized color palette. A dyer's garden can be a mosaic of flowers, herbs, roots and fruits that lend us their pigments to beautify other areas of our lives.
Book
In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Palmaria palmata Derived Peptides on Glucose Metabolism
Three synthetic peptides, ILAP, LLAP and MAGVDHI, derived from a
Palmaria palmata
protein hydrolysate were assessed for their antidiabetic potential in vitro and in vivo. In addition to inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in a cell-based in situ assay all three peptides significantly increased the half-life of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). ILAP and LLAP mediated a significant increase (p < 0.001) in insulin secretion from BRIN-BD11 cells compared to the glucose control, while MAGVDHI had no insulinotropic activity at an eqimolar concentration (10
–6
M). A significant increase in the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate production in BRIN-BD11 cells mediated by ILAP (p < 0.001) and LLAP (p < 0.01) compared to the basal control, would indicate that insulin secretion may be mediated by membrane based activation. Furthermore, ILAP and LLAP acted as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) secretagogues, stimulating a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the concentration of GIP released from enteroendocrine STC-1 cells compared to the glucose control. When tested in vivo in healthy male NIH Swiss mice, ILAP and LLAP, mediated a significant increase (p < 0.01) in plasma insulin and decrease (p < 0.05) in blood glucose, respectively, compared to the control. MAGVDHI mediated a significant (p < 0.001) sustained reduction in food intake in food deprived trained mice. These results demonstrate that the
Palmaria palmata
peptides studied herein have prospective antidiabetic activity and have the potential to act as agents that can be used alone or in combination with drugs, to aid in the prevention and management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Journal Article
Raising animals for fiber : producing wool from sheep, goats, alpacas, and rabbits in your backyard
Get a feel for fiber farming! Welcome to a \"wool\" new world! The perfect starting point, this book focuses on four different fiber animal species to tackle all of your questions and curiosities. Understand the basics of keeping livestock for fiber, then progress into detailed information on raising sheep, Angora goats, alpacas, and Angora rabbits to discover which could be the best fit for you. Learn tips for grooming, housing, feeding, shearing, breeding, and more for each animal, plus get ideas on how to use the fiber you harvest. Author and Californian fiber farmer Chris McLaughlin began from a simple curiosity that converged with her existing hobby of raising and showing rabbits. The same can go for you, too! An essential introduction to raising livestock for fiber ; Focuses on four main wool-producing animals: sheep, Angora goats, alpacas, and Angora rabbits ; Provides insight on each animal's fiber, as well as health, grooming, housing, breeding, shearing, and other special considerations ; Shares ideas on how to use and market the fiber you harvest ; Bonus fiber farming resources guide you to further research, such as national clubs, books, magazines, websites, and more. -- back cover.
Book
Zeolites ameliorate asbestos toxicity in a transgenic model of malignant mesothelioma
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an almost invariably fatal cancer caused by asbestos exposure. The toxicity of asbestos fibers is related to their physicochemical properties and the generation of free radicals. We set up a pilot study to investigate the potential of the zeolite clinoptilolite to counteract the asbestos carcinogenesis by preventing the generation of reactive nitrogen and oxygen radicals. In cell culture experiments, clinoptilolite prevented asbestos‐induced cell death, reactive oxygen species production, DNA degradation, and overexpression of genes known to be up‐regulated by asbestos. In an asbestos‐induced transgenic mouse model of MM, mice were injected intraperitoneal injections with blue asbestos, with or without clinoptilolite, and monitored for 30 weeks. By the end of the trial all 13 mice injected with asbestos alone had reached humane end points, whereas only 7 of 29 mice receiving crocidolite and clinoptilolite reached a similar stage of disease. Post‐mortem examination revealed pinpoint mesothelioma‐like tumors in affected mice, and the absence of tumor formation in surviving mice. Interestingly, the macrophage clearance system, which was largely suppressed in asbestos‐treated mice, exhibited evidence of increased phagocytosis in mice treated with asbestos and clinoptilolite. Our study suggests that inhibiting the asbestos‐induced generation of reactive oxygen species and stimulating the macrophage system may represent a pathway to amelioration of asbestos‐induced toxicity. Additional studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for our observations.
Journal Article
Zeolite protects mice from iron‐induced damage in a mouse model trial
For centuries, zeolites have been used for their utility in binding metals, and they feature in a multitude of agricultural and industrial applications in which the honeycombed zeolite structures form ideal ion exchangers, catalysts and binding agents. Zeolites are currently in a transition period, moving towards implementation in human ailments and diseases. Here, we postulated that zeolites may be able to counter the effects of excess iron and conducted a mouse model trial to gauge the utility of this notion. We used the transgenic mouse strain MexTAg299 for a thirty‐week pilot trial in which iron polymaltose and/or the zeolite clinoptilolite was injected into the peritoneum twice weekly. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the trial period and examined by postmortem and histology for significant physiological differences between mouse subgroups. In this study, we demonstrated that a common zeolite, clinoptilolite, is able to maintain the general health and well‐being of mice and prevent iron‐induced deleterious effects following iron overload. When zeolites are given with iron biweekly as intraperitoneal injections, mice showed far less macroscopic visual organ discoloration, along with near normal histology, under iron overload conditions when compared to mice injected with iron only. The purpose of the present pilot study was to examine potential alternatives to current iron chelation treatments, and the results indicate an advantage to using zeolites in conditions of iron excess. Zeolites may have translational potential for use in cases of human iron overload.
Zeolites are microporous minerals that are ideally suited to binding metals such as iron within their cagelike structures. We investigated whether the common zeolite clinoptilolite could counter the effects of iron overload. We injected mice in the abdominal cavity with iron and/or clinoptilolite over a period of 30 days. Iron‐treated mice showed tissue and cellular damage, whereas in the co‐injected mice, clinoptilolite was able to maintain general health and well‐being by preventing iron‐induced deleterious effects.
Journal Article
Resilience 101
Ian McAllister, conservation director of the non-profit group Pacific Wild, suggests that millions of missing fish \"should be a huge red flag for [the federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans] . . . but they continue to manage British Columbia's salmon fishery in a total state of denial.\" [...] it is an antidote to our hubris, and the basis for sustainability.
Journal Article
The influence of UV-B radiation on the physicochemical nature of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaf surfaces
Relationships between leaf wettability and surface physicochemical characteristics were examined in two genotypes of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun) grown under controlled conditions at three different levels of biologically effective ultraviolet-B (UV-BBE; 280–320 nm) radiation; 0 (control), 4.54 and 5.66 kJ m−2d−1. Leaf wettability, assessed by measuring leaf-water droplet contact angles, was positively correlated with epicuticular wax chemical composition and trichome density, but not the amount of wax on the surface of leaves. Tobacco wax comprised a mixture of C19–C33 n-alkanes (≈59%) with homologues containing an odd number of carbon atoms predominating, C28–C32 br-alkanes (≈38%), and a small quantity (≈3%) of free Cl6–C18 fatty acids. Significant effects of UV-B radiation upon wax production and chemical composition were restricted to the adaxial surface of leaves. Enhanced UV-B radiation reduced the quantity of epicuticular wax in the more sensitive genotype [GR32-3], assessed from effects on dry matter accumulation, partitioning and changes in leaf morphology, and resulted in marked changes in wax composition and homologue distributions in both genotypes. UV-B-induced increases in branching, and shifts toward the synthesis of shorter-chain homologues provided evidence for a fundamental effect of UV-B radiation on wax biosynthesis, with the observed effects consistent with a highly specific and direct effect of UV-B radiation on microsomal-based elongases in the epidermis. UV-B radiation also reduced the density of trichomes on the adaxial leaf surface, whilst increasing the number of trichomes on the abaxial leaf surface. Changes in wax composition and trichome density induced by UV-B radiation were associated with increases in leaf surface wettability which were particularly pronounced on the adaxial surface. The subtle, though possibly far-reaching, physiological consequences of such UV-B-induced changes in surface wettability are discussed in the light of other recent findings.
Journal Article